Inquiry in
the Natural World
Examination
1, February 14th, 2000, Answer Sheet
Your Name __________________ Your Instructor_______________
True-false (2 points each)
and Multiple-choice (3 points each)
Clare 102
Exam #1 (100 pts)
Please record your responses to
the following true/false and
multiple choice questions on an
answer sheet. Then write your responses to four of the five essay questions in
the spaces provided on the answer sheet. Remember to put your name on your
answer sheet. Thank you.
True/False (20 points) Write True or False on your answer
sheet.
1.The Greeks believed
their material world was made of four elements: earth, water, fire,
air.
2. In the Middle Ages people
believed that celestial bodies obeyed different laws than earthly
bodies.
3. Newton's laws can be derived
from Kepler's laws.
4. Newton was the first to
observe blemishes, or sunspots, on the surface of the Sun.
5. The scientific method is a
cyclic process, but one can enter it from any point.
6. Aristotle believed that if a
moving body were left alone, it would stop, when it reached its natural
position.
7. When a rocket is
fired from the Earth, the earth recoils with a momentum equal to that of the
rocket.
8. Joule’s experiment of
stirring water with a rotating paddle provided evidence to support the caloric
theory of heat.
9. According to the First Law
of Thermodynamics, it is impossible for heat to flow spontaneously from a cold
to a hot body.
10. Work can be completely
converted into heat, but heat can not be completely converted into
work.
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Clare 102
Exam 1
Multiple Choice (30 points) Please write the letter (in Caps) of the
best response for each question on your answer sheet.
11.
The Sun’s location in its Galaxy is:
A)
at the center of the Galaxy
B)
on the outermost edge of the Galaxy
C)
more than half way to the edge of the Galaxy
D)
close to the center of the Galaxy
12. In the Scientific Method,
one must:
A) make observations and perform experiments
B) identify patterns
C) form a hypothesis
D) make predictions
E) all of the above
13.
In the geocentric model,
A) the Earth revolves around the Sun
B) the Earth moves in an elliptical orbit
C) the Earth is at the center of the Universe
D) the Earths moves in orbits called deferents around the
Sun
14.
A seated male passenger in a plane moving at a constant speed in a
straight line flips a coin straight up in the air. As the coin comes down, it
lands:
A) back in his hand
B) behind him
C) in front of him
D) to the left of him
E) to the right of him
15.
The scientist who challenged the Church and used the telescope for
observation was:
A) Ptolemy B) Aristotle C) Boyle D) Galileo E) Kepler
Continued next page…
Clare 102
Exam 1
16.
Which of the following is not an example of a change in paradigm,
which occurred in science:
A) from Ptolemaic to Copernican model of the
universe
B) from Aristotelian to Newtonian theory of motion
C) from conservation of energy to conservation of
heat
D) from animistic to mechanical explanations of
nature
17. Which
of the following is not a basic form of
energy?
A) kinetic
B) potential
C) electromagnetic
D)
mass E) solar
18.
The concept of entropy is most closely related to
the
law of
thermodynamics.
A) first B) second C) third D) fourth
E) zeroth
19.
Which astronomer rejected the idea that celestial bodies must move in
circles?
A) Ptolemy B)
Kepler C) Galileo D)
Copernicus
20.
Heat is a measure of the amount of:
A)
temperature in a
body
B)
caloric in a
body
C)
energy in a
body
D)
caloric flowing from a hot
body to a cold body
E)
energy flowing from a hot
body to a cold body
Essay
Questions (50 points) Do four of
the five essays on your answer sheet.
Essays (12.5 points
each)
Choose 4 out of 5
questions and write answers in space provided
21. Discuss some of the
scientific evidence, which Galileo could raise in defense of his belief in the
Copernican model, when he was on trial.
22. Discuss some of the
objections to the Copernican model raised by the Church, when Galileo was on
trial.
23. State Newton’s law of
universal gravitation in words or as an equation. If you use an equation,
identify the symbols used. Use the law to explain the difference between the
mass and the weight of a body.
24. Describe what is meant by
the term “energy”. State the principle of conservation of energy and illustrate
the principle by discussing the energy transformations that occur during a
roller coaster ride.
25. Discuss the statement: the
arrow of time is described by the second law of thermodynamics. Give examples as
part of your discussion.