The New
South
Agriculture
1/3 of draft animals
½ of farm equipement
cotton
problems: high prices for goods, declining prices for
crops, taxes, debt
Creation
of black institutions: schools, churches
Black
people in politics: 43 in SC leg.,
Poll
tax: GA, 1877; literacy tests
Interpretation
of the 14th Amendment
Struck down 1875 Civil Rights Act
Sharecropping
and Crop-lien system
Number of farms doubled
Number of landowners stayed the same
Size of farm decreased
1880 – 1/3 of farmers were
sharecroppers; ½ by 1920
Furnishing merchant – inflated prices
and interest
Backcountry and commercial agriculture
Closing the range
The
Redeemers
Unity in the Democratic (conservative)
party – solid south
Government subsidized industry,
especially railroads
New
South ideology: Low wages, outside
investors, small government
Industrialization
of the South
Textile
mills, 1870s
Tobacco (James B. Duke)
Cigarette making machine,
1880
Extractive industries: Lumber, Coal, company towns
Iron and Steel