CLARE 102 INW Pre-Exam Name_______________________________

Answer the following objective questions

T/F 2pts each

1. Babylonian astronomers constructed spherical models to explain their observations. _______

2. Momentum is the product of mass and acceleration. ________

MC 3 pts each

______1. Which of the following is an idea used by Descartes but discarded by Newton?

A) Bodies tend to continue moving at the same speed.

B) Bodies tend to continue moving in a straight line.

C) The retrograde motion of planets is due to their motions on epicycles.

D) Planetary motion is due to a vortex produced by the Sun.

______2. Ptolemy’s model included eccentrics and equants because

A) it made the model simpler.

B) it made the model fit the existing observations better.

C) it made the model more heliocentric.

D) it provided a complete description of the universe.

ESSAY 15 pts Write approximately half a page to answer the following essay.

1. How did Aristotle describe force and motion and what causes them? How does this differ from Newton's understanding?