Psychology 101 - Study Notes

Chapter 17 - Social Influences

Matlin

Dr. David L. Carpenter

Rev. 11/99

I.    Group Processes

A.    Social Roles

1.    Role

B.    Social Facilitation

C.    Social Loafing

D.    Group Polarization

E.    Group Think

1.    Heuristics

F.    Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Group Processes

II.    Yielding to Social Pressure

A.    Conformity

1.    The Asch Conformity Experiments

2.    Factors Influencing Conformity

3.    Conformity and Environmental Psychology

B.    Compliance

1.    The Foot-In-The-Door Technique

2.    The Door-In-The-Face Technique

C.    Obedience

1.    Milgram's Obedience Studies

2.    Historical Examples of Obedience

3.    Conclusions About Obedience

III.    Aggression, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution

A.    Explaining Aggression

1.    Biological Explanations

2.    Observational Learning Explanations

3.    Social Cognitive Explanations

a.    Schemas

B.    Aggression and Gender

C.    Three Approaches to Conflict

1.    Lose-Lose Approach

2.    Win-Lose Approach

3.    Win-Win Approach

D.    Conflict Escalation

1.    Issues Proliferation

2.    Stereotypes

3.    Enemy Images

a.    Mirror-Image Thinking

E.    Interpersonal Conflict Resolution

F.    International Peacemaking and Peacekeeping - Political
           Psychology

1.    Reactive Devaluation

2.    GRIT (Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in
          Tension Reduction)

3.    Peacebuilding

IV.    Altruism

A.    Factors Affecting Altruism

B.    Altruism and Gender

C.    When People Do Not Help: The Bystander Effect

1.    Diffusion of Responsibility

D.    In Depth: Explaining Altruism

1.    Empathy

2.    Empathy-Altruism Hypothesis

3.    Empathy-Arousal vs. Avoiding Personal Pain

4.    Empathy-Arousal vs. Vicarious Joy

5.    More Evidence for the Empathy-Altruism
          Hypothesis

6.    Conclusions About Altruism

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